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    • 专利摘要:
    CUTTING INSERT WHICH CAN BE ALIGNABLE, CUTTING TOOL, AND, METHOD OF FIXING A CUTTING INSERT TO A CUTTING TOOL A cutting tool set (10) includes a cutting tool (12) and a cutting insert that it can be alignable (14) which has an insert alignment axis (Q; fig. 1C). The cutting insert (14) includes first and second parallel insert sides (22A, 22B; fig. 2B) connected by a peripheral insert surface (24; fig. 2B) that extends peripherally around the cutting insert (14). At least one fixing hole (26; fig. 2B) opens for one or both of the first and second insert sides (22A, 22B) and at least a portion of the fixing hole (24) is in a fixing region (CL; fig. 1C) of the cutting insert (14). The peripheral insert surface (24) includes cutting edges (18, fig. 1C) that are spaced apart and extend from the first insert side (22A) to the second insert side (22B). Along one direction the width (Dw; fig. 2B), which is perpendicular to the first and second sides of the insert (22A, 22B), each of the cutting edges (18) is (...).
    公开号:BR112014013480B1
    申请号:R112014013480-4
    申请日:2012-11-19
    公开日:2020-11-03
    发明作者:Gil Hecht
    申请人:Iscar Ltd；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    [0001] The subject of the present disclosure concerns alignable cutting inserts and cutting tools configured to retain such cutting inserts, both being designed for metalworking operations that involve chip removal. In particular, the subject of the present disclosure relates to alignable cutting inserts comprising first and second opposite insert sides that are connected by a peripheral insert surface that extends peripherally around the cutting insert and which comprises cutting edges spaced. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [0002] Alignable cutting inserts of the type described above can be used to cut, for example, rectangular shapes from metal work pieces, the shape of which can be desired, for example, in partitioning and notching operations.
    [0003] Alignable inserts of the type described above are configured with a plurality of edges designed to be used successively as opposed to concurrently. For elaboration, after an operating edge is, for example, worn or broken, a successive edge can be selected to become an operating edge. This can be achieved, for example, by releasing the insert from a tool body, aligning the alignable insert around an insert alignment axis, and attaching that insert to the tool body with the successive, unused edge and, so far, different, presented as a new operational edge.
    [0004] An example of a cutting insert having such a construction is disclosed in US 6,942,434. A cutting insert, a cutting tool, and a fastening method having the aspects of the preambles of claims 1, 12 and 15, respectively, are disclosed in WO-A1-87 / 03831.
    [0005] It is an objective of the present invention to provide a new and improved cutting insert having a construction as brought above, a cutting tool for it and a fastening method. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
    [0006] In accordance with a first aspect of the invention, an alignable cutting insert according to claim 1 is provided.
    [0007] An advantage of such a construction is a depth of cut extending to the associated cut region.
    [0008] An alignable cutting insert having an insert alignment axis and comprising first and second parallel insert sides connected by a peripheral insert surface extending peripherally around the cutting insert, and by the minus a fixing hole that opens for one or both of the first and second insert sides; the peripheral insert surface comprising cutting edges which are spaced apart and extend from the first insert side to the second insert side; wherein each of three consecutively positioned cutting edges constitute an associated cutting arrangement comprising a central cutting edge arranged between two peripheral cutting edges, the central cutting edge being wider, along a direction of the width that is perpendicular to the first and second insert sides, than any other portion of an associated insert cutting region defined from the central cutting edge to at least one straight imaginary line connecting the two peripheral cutting edges; and at least a portion of the attachment hole of the at least one attachment hole is located in an associated insert attachment region that is defined outside the associated cutting region.
    [0009] In accordance with a second aspect of the present invention, a cutting tool comprising a tool head is provided and a clamping mechanism configured to fix a cutting insert to a tool cavity insert cavity; the insert cavity comprising a cavity seating surface, at least one cavity wall extending transversely from the cavity seating surface and defining a rear cavity boundary, and a cavity front edge located on an opposite side the cavity seating surface from the rear edge of the cavity and extending along a front edge of the cutting tool; in which, in a view perpendicular to the cavity seating surface, the tool head and clamping mechanism do not extend beyond an imaginary inscribed arc extending along the frontal limit.
    [00010] In accordance with a third aspect of the present invention, a method of fixing the cutting insert to the cutting tool is provided which has any of the features of the cutting tool aspect, the cutting insert comprising first and second sides of the insert parallels connected by a peripheral insert surface that extends peripherally around the cutting insert, and a single fixing hole that opens for both first and second insert sides; the method comprising: a. mounting the cutting insert to the clamp by extending a portion of the clamp body of the clamp completely through a portion of the attachment hole of the at least one attachment hole while leaving a remainder of the attachment hole unoccupied; and b. press at least one clamp to the cutting tool head to thereby polarize the clamp head portion of the at least one clamp against the cutting insert and secure the cutting insert to the insert cavity.
    [00011] Modalities of the cutting insert are defined in claims 2-11, while preferred modalities of the cutting tool are defined in claims 13 and 14, and of the clamping method, in claim 15. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [00012] For a better understanding of the subject of the present disclosure and to show how it can be done in practice, reference will now be made to the attached drawings, in which: Fig-IA is a perspective view of a tool set of cut; Fig-1B is an exploded perspective view of the cutting tool assembly in Fig. 1 A; Fig-1C is a side view of a portion of the cutting tool assembly in Figs. IA and 1B, also including a metal workpiece in the starting and ending positions of a machining process; Fig-1D is a plan view of the workpiece in Fig. 1C during an intermediate position in the machining process; Fig-2A is a side view of a cutting insert from the cutting tool assembly in Figs. 1A to 1C, Fig-2B is an end view of the cutting insert in Fig. 2A; Pig-2C is a cross-sectional view taken along line 2C-2C in Fig-2A. Fig-3A is a side view of a cutting tool portion of the cutting tool set in Figs. 1A to 1C; Fig-3B is a plan view of the cutting tool portion in Fig. 3A; Fig-4A is a plan view of a clamp of the r + j assembly in Figs. IA to IC; cutting tool & Fig-4B is a side view of the cutting insert in Fig. 4A; Fig- 4C is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4C-4C in Fig-4B; Fig-5 is a schematic side view of a cutting insert that is not in accordance with claim 1 and, therefore, does not form part of the invention, and a cutting tool, Fig-6 is a schematic side view of a portion of another cutting insert; Fig. 7A is an exploded perspective view of a further cutting tool set. Fig-7B is a side view of a portion of the cutting tool set in Fig. 7A; Fig-8A is a perspective view of another clip; Fig-8B is an exploded perspective view of a cutting tool assembly comprising the clamp in Fig. 8A; Fig-8C is a perspective view of the cutting tool assembly in Fig. 8B; Fig. 9A is a front perspective view of yet another clamp; Fig. 9B is a rear perspective view of the clamp in Fig. 9A; and Fig. 9C is an exploded perspective view of a cutting tool assembly including the clamp in Figs. 9A and 9B.
    [00013] Reference numbers repeated between the figures and / or distinguished by a value of 100 for different modalities, indicate elements that are corresponding or analogous. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
    [00014] Reference is made to Figs. 1A and IB, showing a cutting tool set 10 for metal cutting processes, comprising a cutting tool 12 and a cutting insert 14 configured to be secured to the cutting tool 12 by means of a clamping mechanism 16.
    [00015] Referring also to Figs. 1C and 1D, the cutting insert 14 comprises cutting edges 18 which are wider than, in this non-limiting example, any other portion of the cutting insert 14 and which defines a cutting insert depth TI. It will be understood from the description below that instead of the cutting edges being wider than any other portion of a cutting insert they can also be theoretically wider than any portion of a cutting region of the cutting insert. Additionally, in the specification and in the claims, the terms wide and deep, when referring to a cutting insert, must be measured along an axis of width Aw (Fig. 2B), defined hereinafter.
    [00016] To create, during operation a workpiece 20 and the cutting insert 14 can be moved towards each other along a cutting axis Ac. It is understood that the workpiece 20 can be moved while the cutting insert 14 remains immobile, vice versa, or both can be moved simultaneously or one at a time. In any case, a central or operative cutting edge 18A begins to cut the workpiece 20 by engaging it in an initial cutting position designated as Pi. After the additional movement, during which the workpiece 20 and the cutting insert 14 converge towards each other, the workpiece 20 can be considered to be in, which in this example can be considered, an intermediate position (point in time which a cut produced resembles an annular groove 20A having a rectangular cross section, in the view shown in Fig. 1D). If it is desired to break the workpiece 20 into two parts (which is not shown), such a convergence movement can still continue until the central cutting edge 18A reaches a central point of the workpiece Cw, which in this example can occur when workpiece 20 reaches an end position P2, shown on the dotted lines in Fig. 1C.
    [00017] As the cutting insert 14 is devoid of a portion, for example a seat portion, in a first insert cutting region CUi, defined between the central cutting edge 18 A and an imaginary straight line ILI connecting two edges adjacent peripheral cutting edges 18B, 18C, which is wider than the central cutting edge 18A, the cutting insert 14 can cut the workpiece 20 for a first insert cutting depth of the TIL cut
    [00018] With reference also to Fig. 2A, the cutting insert 14 can cut even through a second cutting depth of cutting insert Tj2 (Fig. 1C), which extends to an imaginary arc IA (Fig. 2A) inscribed within the two peripheral or non-operating cutting edges 18B, 18C and opening in an outward direction DO, directed from an insert alignment axis Ci towards the central cutting edge 18A. Thus, the cutting depth of the cutting insert can extend to at least the alignment axis. A region of the cutting insert 14 extends between the imaginary arc IA and the central cutting edge 18A thereof, which defines a second insert cutting region CU2. In Fig. 1C, the imaginary arc IA, is not indicated separately since it coincides with a portion of the dotted contour of the workpiece 20 in the final position P2. The imaginary arc IA is normally preferably as large as possible, and thus can be designed to extend into the reinforced portion 33 (Fig. 2A, described hereinafter) of the peripheral cutting edges 18B, 18C, and more preferably to point directly adjacent to the peripheral cutting edges 18B, 18C, taking into account manufacturing limitations.
    [00019] It is understood that an optimized depth of cut can be achieved by selecting an appropriate workpiece having a diameter that corresponds to or approaches a diameter of such an imaginary arc IA-
    [00020] An advantage of a construction is that the depth of cut can be greater than the depth of cut of a comparative cutting insert having, for example, a seating portion that is wider than a central cutting edge of the same and that is arranged in the cut region of the same.
    [00021] Another factor which can facilitate an advantageous depth of cut is a shape of the front edge BF (Fig. IA) of the cutting tool 12. In particular a convex shape or a curved shape can be advantageous since it can, for example , allow a cutting depth of a cutting insert to be fully utilized, especially cutting inserts configured to cut into imaginary arcs of the type described above. The front limit BF is defined as a portion of a cutting tool 12 configured to be brought into a portion of a workpiece being cut (during the cutting movement along the cutting axis Ac).
    [00022] For easy understanding, a region of a cutting insert that is outside, or complements, a cutting region of it hereinafter is called a fixation region. For example, in reference to Fig. 1C, the first cutting region CUi, which extends to the left of the imaginary straight line ILI, is complemented by a first fixation region CL1; that extends to the right of it. Referring to Fig. 2 A, for easy understanding as the imaginary arc IA, is not shown in Fig. 1C, the second cutting region CU2, which extends to the left of the imaginary arc IA, is complemented by a second region fixture CE2, which extends to the right of it.
    [00023] With reference to Figs. 2A to 2C, the functionalities of the cutting insert 14 will be described further now.
    [00024] The cutting insert 14 comprises first and second parallel insert sides 22 A, 22B connected by a peripheral insert surface 24 that extends peripherally around the cutting insert 14, and a fixing hole 26 which in this non-limiting example is a through hole that opens for both the first and the second insert sides 22A, 22B. The shape of the cutting insert 14 can comprise a disk-shaped body portion 28 and cutting portions 30, each cutting portion 30 extending from a periphery of the body portion 28 and comprising one of the cutting edges 18.
    [00025] Formed on the first and the second insert sides 22A, 22B may, in this non-limiting example, be a plurality of lateral seating surfaces 32. The lateral seating surfaces 32 can be spaced from the first and / or the second insert sides 22A, 22B. To elaborate, the lateral seating surfaces 32 can be the outermost surface of a projection extending from one of the first or the second insert sides 22A, 22B, although they do not yet extend beyond the cutting edges in the axial direction along the insert alignment axis. The plurality of lateral seating surfaces 32 may additionally include operative pairs, i.e. they are intended to be operative simultaneously, for example, pairs located on opposite sides of the insert 14. In this example pairs of lateral seating surfaces are designated with a common letter . For example, a pair of side seating surfaces designated 32D1, 32D2 are located on opposite sides of the first insert side 22A. The advantage of such spacing, that is, on distal sides of an insert, is the increased overall stability of the cutting insert.
    [00026] A location of such a pair may also coincide with, or be adjacent to, an imaginary arc or line path which may constitute a boundary of a cutting region of the cutting insert 14.
    [00027] Additionally, each lateral seating surface 32 can be elongated and / or curved.
    [00028] Additionally, it is noted that at least three of the lateral seating surfaces (for example 32D1, 32D2 and 32A2) can each be located in the fixing region CL2 of the cutting insert 14. Such a triangular arrangement can facilitate the overall stability. It should be noted that there may be a side seat 32 located both in a cutting region and in a fastening region associated with a single central cutting edge, that is, without the presence of such seating surfaces 32 reducing the cutting depth of a insert.
    [00029] Another possible advantage of a plurality of lateral seating surfaces on a single side of an insert, may be the reduced manufacturing time of the cutting insert. For example, a grinding operation may be shorter, at least when compared to a single seating surface that extends over the largest area of a comparative cutting insert.
    [00030] It is also feasible for a cutting tool (not shown) to comprise projections which are configured to contact the cutting insert 14 at points designated on one of the first or second sides of the insert 22A, 22B. In such a case, the cutting insert 14 can be devoid of a lateral seating surface, or at least an outwardly located lateral seating surface.
    [00031] The peripheral insert surface 24 comprises the cutting edges 18, which are spaced along the lateral surface of the cutting insert 14. In this non-limiting example, there are exactly five cutting edges 18. Regardless of the number of cutting edges 18, they can be equally spaced and can be along a circumscribed imaginary circle Ic of the cutting insert 14. In this example, the cutting insert 14 satisfies the condition: 36075 = 72 °, and thus the cutting insert 14 has symmetry 72-way rotary around the insert alignment axis. It is understood in this context that an insert alignment axis is an axis around which the cutting insert can be rotated a finite number of times to present a different operative cutting edge. For example, after an operative cutting edge is no longer effective, such a cutting insert can be rotated about the insert alignment axis to present an unused cutting edge as a new operative cutting edge. It is also understood that the insert alignment axis can extend through a geometric center of a cutting insert.
    [00032] The imaginary arc IA preferably has a curvature that is located in such a position that the insert alignment axis Q is interposed between the arc IA and an associated central cutting edge 18 A. Even more preferably, the arc IA has a curvature that corresponds to a curvature of the imaginary circle Ic. A possible advantage of such preferred curvatures can be the increased depth of cut. Thus, the cutting insert can provide a depth of cut that extends to at least the insert alignment axis Q.
    [00033] As shown in Fig. 2B, the cutting edges 18 extend from, or connect, the first insert side 22A to the second insert side 22B. The extension of the cutting edges 18 allows each cutting edge 18 to be individually, what can be called, completely effective.
    [00034] Along a direction of width Dw, which is parallel to the axis of width Aw, defined as perpendicular to the first and second sides of the insert, the cutting edges 18 are wider than the cutting insert on the surfaces lateral installation 32.
    [00035] In addition to the example given above, described in conjunction with Figs. IA to 2A, It will be understood that three consecutively positioned cutting edges constitute a cutting arrangement comprising a central cutting edge disposed between two peripheral cutting edges. It is understood that in them a cutting insert can have multiple such cutting arrangements. For example, the cutting edges 18 designated as 18A, 18B and 18D, may constitute three adjacent or consecutive cutting edges of such an arrangement, while another cutting arrangement may include cutting edges designated as 18B, 18D and 18E, etc.
    [00036] The understanding of the meaning of the word “associated”, in the specification and in the claims, can be exemplified as follows: the cutting region CUi, described together with Fig. 1C, is associated with the cutting edges 18A, 18B , 18C, whereas if the cutting insert 14 can be alignable on the cutting tool 12 such that another cutting edge, for example the cutting edge designated as 18B, is an operative or central cutting edge, then a region of Associated cut (not shown) can extend from the central example cutting edge 18B to a straight imaginary line (not shown), connecting two adjacent peripheral cutting edges 18A and 18D.
    [00037] Each cutting edge 18 can be formed into a cutting portion 30 (Fig. 2A). More precisely, the cutting portion 30 may comprise a reinforced portion 33, comprising a cutting edge 18, and an intermediate portion 34 that connects the reinforced portion 33 to the body portion 28.
    [00038] The reinforced portion 33 may further comprise an inclined surface 36 formed on the peripheral insert surface 24 and onto which chips (not shown) from a cut workpiece (not shown) flow, and may also comprise side walls reinforced 38 extending from the inclined surface 36 and ending at the intermediate portion 34.
    [00039] Each inclined surface 36 can be in a plane perpendicular to the first and second sides of insert 22A, 22B. The inclined surface 36 can be formed with a chip control arrangement 40. A chip control arrangement means an arrangement configured to form and / or direct and / or break a chip (not shown) of a workpiece. In this example, the chip control arrangement 40 comprises a recess 42.
    [00040] The reinforced side walls 38 can provide the cutting insert 14 with sufficient reinforcement to allow the cross cutting movement, that is transversal to an imaginary insert plane Pi (Fig. 2B) that bisects the lateral surface 24 and is parallel to the first and second insert sides 22A, 22B.
    [00041] The reinforced side walls 38 taper inwards, from an associated cutting edge 18. Such a taper constitutes a gradual decrease in width (ie without a stepped configuration), along the direction of the width Dw of the cutting insert, from each of the cutting edges to a portion of the cutting insert 14 that is closer to the insert axis than to the cutting edges 18. In this case, the portion that is tapered or decreases in width it is the reinforced portion 33. It should be noted that a CU cutting region can still be inclusive of the reinforced side walls, or at least a portion of it that is thinner than the cutting edges 18.
    [00042] The width of the intermediate portion 34 can correspond to the width of the body portion 28 for the efficient manufacture of the cutting insert 14. A possible advantage of such construction may be the provision of a safe grinding area (constituted by the intermediate portion 34 ).
    [00043] The reinforced portion 33 may additionally comprise a relief surface 44, formed on the peripheral insert surface 24, and extending from an associated cutting edge 18. Each relief surface 44 can form an acute relief angle at with a peripheral seating surface 46. Such an acute relief angle a can allow for efficient chip flow, more than a comparative collinear relief surface and a peripheral seating surface.
    [00044] The peripheral seating surface 46 can be formed on the peripheral insert surface 24. More precisely the peripheral insert surface 24 can comprise a plurality of peripheral seating surfaces 46, each of which extends over a straight path from a first insert cut portion 30 to a second adjacent insert cut portion 30. A distance from each of the peripheral seat surfaces 46 to the insert alignment axis Ci may vary along the different points the way. An example of a narrower insert wall length or narrower distance is designated as LI1, and an example of a thicker insert wall length or thicker distance, which is greater in magnitude than the insert wall length. narrower LU, is designated as LI2. The narrowest insert wall length LI1 is measured to a point on the peripheral seating surface 46 adjacent to an inclined surface 36 of a cutting edge 18, while the thickest insert wall length LI1 is measured to a point on the peripheral seating surface 46 adjacent to a relief surface 44 of a cutting edge 18,
    [00045] Each of the peripheral seat surfaces 46 can be flat, which can facilitate the stable assembly of the insert and / or its smooth removal / insertion into the cutting tool 12.
    [00046] The fixing hole 26 is configured with a fixing hole portion 48 in the fixing region CL. The fixing hole portion 48 is configured with a size configured to accommodate a cross section of a clamp which is large enough to resist bending while fixing the cutting insert 14 (in this example the cross section is taken along a Pc clamp plane shown in Figs 4B and 4C, and described in more detail hereinafter). Such a cross section is preferably entirely located within the clamping region CL to avoid reducing the cutting depth of the cutting insert 14.
    [00047] While determining a sufficient size of the fixing hole portion 48 can differ according to many variables such as the shape of a clamp, material of the clamp, the size of a cutting insert and operating conditions thereof, etc. ., such sufficiency can be tested by a test to see if such a clamp or cross section is of sufficient strength to hold a cutting insert in a fixed position during operation. A cutting tool set 10 constructed in accordance with the present non-limiting example shown in Figs. IA to 2C, and comprising a fixing hole portion 48 defined between a fixing hole edge 50 and the arc IA and having an increasingly shaped fixing area 52 (as shown in the view shown in Fig. 2C), as well as a clamp 84 (Figs. 4B and 4C) which has an increasing cross section taken along a plane of clamp Pc which is configured to engage the mounting hole portion 48, has been successfully tested. Suitably, a portion of the fixing hole 48 having a fixation area of about 3%, of a defined area within the imaginary circumscribed circle Ic of the cutting insert 14, is feasible. It is believed that a configuration in which a portion of the fixing hole having an area of at least 2% of an area of an imaginary circumscribed circle Ic, may also be feasible. Larger areas can obviously also be feasible, for example, an area can be larger than 4% as in the example in Fig. 7B, which discloses a different fixation arrangement than the lever system described together with Figs. IA to 4C.
    [00048] The fixing hole edge 50 is shown in more detail in Fig. 2C. A tapered cross section and the central annular projection projecting inward 54 can be formed allowing a clamp 84 to be attached thereto. Alternatively, the edge of the fixing hole 50 can be devoid of an annular projection 54, dependent on a fixing mechanism to be used with it.
    [00049] Cutting insert 14 can typically be made of a wear resistant and extremely rigid material such as cemented carbide, either by form press or by sintering carbide powders in a binder or by powder injection molding methods .
    [00050] The cutting insert 14, or more precisely, each insert seating surface 32, can be milled, that is, subjected to a grinding operation to form the shape thereof. As the cutting edges 18 are wider than the cutting insert 14 on the lateral seating surfaces of the insert 32, the grinding operation can be designed to avoid the contact of a grinding element (not shown) with the cutting edges 18. For example, a grinding element can be movement in circular or rounded motion within a circle (not shown) inscribed within the cutting edges 18, preferably such inscribed circle is defined within the reinforced portion 33 of the cutting insert 14. In In the latter case, the intermediate portion 34 may constitute a grinding safety area for inaccurate movement. Alternatively, a grinding element can take straight steps from between a pair of cutting edges 18 or preferably between a pair of cutting portions 30, to between a spaced pair of opposite cutting edges 18 or cutting portions 30 In both cases, the cutting insert 14 can be rotated during grinding, and the grinding element can also be swung. Such grinding can be carried out on one side of the cutting insert 14 and then the other side, or simultaneously on both sides.
    [00051] In this non-limiting example, the cutting insert 14 is symmetrical around the PI insertion plane. Such symmetry can allow the cutting of rectangular shapes, as exemplified in Fig. 1D.
    [00052] It is understood that references above to symmetry do not refer to cutting or non-operative features such as numerals that indicate the edge. Additionally, it is understood that lateral seating surfaces cannot be positioned symmetrically or even in number, in contrast to the present example where they are both symmetrically located on both the first and the second insert sides, and with respect to each edge cutting, and even in number.
    [00053] With reference to Figs. 3A and 3B, the cutting tool 12 will be described further in detail.
    [00054] The cutting tool 12 comprises a tool body 56 and a tool head 58 connected thereto.
    [00055] The tool head 58 can comprise a first face 60, which in this non-limiting example extends transverse and, more precisely, can extend perpendicular to the cutting axis Ac. The tool head 58 also comprises an insert cavity 62, which can extend transversely to the first face 60.
    [00056] The first face 60 may have a concave shape. The first face 60 can be formed with a recess of the fixing mechanism 64.
    [00057] The recess of the fixing mechanism 64 can be opened for the first face 60 and can open for the insert cavity 62. More precisely, the recess of the fixing mechanism 64 can comprise a first configured sub-recess 66 for receiving a portion of the clip body 84B (Fig. 4B) and a second sub-recess 68 for receiving a positioning portion of the fastener 84C.
    [00058] The first sub-recess 66 can be formed with a concave shape.
    [00059] The second sub-recess 68 may have a cone shape that grows in a first direction of DBI polarization away from the clamping body portion 84B. The first direction of polarization DBI can be transverse, and more precisely in this example perpendicular, to the cutting axis Ac.
    [00060] The first face 60, and more precisely in this example the recess of the clamping mechanism 64 thereof, can be formed with an internally threaded tool screw hole 70 (Fig. 1B).
    [00061] The insert cavity 62 is configured to receive the cutting insert 14. The insert cavity 62 comprises a cavity seating surface 72, at least one cavity wall 74 extending transversely from the seating surface of cavity 72 and defining a rear limit of cavity BR, and a front edge of cavity 76 located on the opposite side of the cavity seating surface 72 from the rear limit of cavity BR and located on the front limit Bp of the cutting tool 12.
    [00062] The cavity seating surface 72 may comprise a first seating subsurface 72A configured to engage the cutting insert 14, and a second seating subsurface 72B which is located between the first seating subsurface 72A and the front edge of the cavity 76 and is recessed in the first direction of polarization DBI to ensure that the cutting insert 14 contacts the first seating subsurface 72A for the stabilized assembly thereof.
    [00063] The at least one cavity wall 74 may comprise first, second and third consecutively positioned cavity sub-walls 74A, 74B, 74C. The cavity sub-walls 74A, 74B, 74C are separated by the first and second cavity relief recesses 78A, 78B. Notably, the first and third cavity sub-walls 74A, 74C are positioned to contact the peripheral seating surfaces 46 of the cutting insert when the cutting insert 14 is mounted in the insert cavity 62, while the second sub-wall of cavity 74B is positioned from an associated peripheral seating surface of the cutting insert 46, as seen by a cavity gap 80 shown in Fig. IC, to facilitate the stabilized assembly.
    [00064] Referring now to Fig. IB, the clamping mechanism 16 comprises a biasing member 82, which in this non-limiting example consists of an externally threaded double-ended screw, and a clamp 84.
    [00065] Screw 82 may comprise a first externally threaded end 82A configured for threaded engagement with a clamping screw hole 84A, a second externally threaded end 82B configured for threaded engagement with tool screw hole 70, and an intermediate screw portion 82C extending between the first and the second threaded ends 82A, 82B and which can be threadless. The first threaded end 82A being formed with a tool receiving recess 82D to facilitate rotation.
    [00066] It is understood that, Alternatively, the biasing member 82 may be a single end screw, elastic jaw or other suitable biasing component (not shown).
    [00067] With reference to Figs. 4A to 4C, the clip 84 may additionally comprise a portion of the clip body 84B through which the fixing screw hole 84A extends, and positioning and the head portions 84C, 84D. As shown in Fig. 4A, the clamp 84 has an increasing shape with a convex front fixing surface 84E and a back concave fixing surface 84F.
    [00068] The clamping body portion 84B can be configured to be received partially or, in this example, completely within the first sub-recess of the cutting tool 66.
    [00069] Positioning portion 84C may have a shape which tapers to shape as it increases in distance from the holding body portion 84B.
    [00070] The clamping head portion 84D can be formed with two clamping teeth 84G (which can be spaced apart for stabilized clamping), on the front clamping surface 84E thereof and projecting in a direction away from from the rear surface 84F, and an insert receiving recess 84H formed between the teeth 84G and the clamping body portion 84B.
    [00071] A fixation plane Pc that passes through the insert receiving recess 84H corresponds in form of cross section and area to the fixing hole portion of the cutting insert 48. It is understood that, in this configuration, the greatest forces from of the cutting insert 14, while cutting, are exerted in the insert receiving recess 84H. Appropriately, the strength of the construction of the insert receiving recess 84H can determine a minimum size fixation area of the fixing hole portion 48.
    [00072] With reference to Figs. 1 to 1C, the cutting insert 14 can be attached to the tool head of the cutting tool 58 via the clamping mechanism 16 as in the sequence: by inserting the second threaded end of the bias member 82B into the tool screw hole; mounting the clip 84 on the first threaded end of the bias member 82A; rotating the bias member 82 through the tool receiving recess 82D thereof, to move the bias member 82 and fix 84 towards the tool head 58 and to a joint position where the clip 84 is spaced from the first sub-recess 66; positioning the cutting insert 14 in the insert cavity 62, the head portion of the clip 84D being located within the fixing hole of the cutting insert 26; and rotating the bias member 82 to move the clamp 84 to a safe position (Fig. IC).
    [00073] Such "rotation", when the biasing member 82 is located in the first sub-recess 66, can cause the clamping teeth 84G to engage the clamping orifice edge 50 and the polarization of the cutting insert 14 against the cavity wall 74 (more precisely the first and third cavity sub-walls 74A, 74C). More precisely, the biasing member 82 causes the movement of the clamp 84 in a second DB2 biasing direction, which is parallel to the cutting axis Ac, and the positioning portion 84C contacts the second subsectionally configured seating surface. correspondingly tapered 72B, which causes the movement of the clamp 84 and consequently the cutting insert 14 in the first direction of polarization DBI- [0076] The alignment of the cutting insert 14 can be carried out through: rotation of the polarization member 82 through the recess for receiving tool 82C from it in an opposite direction to the direction rotated for fixing, until the clamp 84 reaches the assembly position; rotation of the insert 14, removing it completely from the clip 84 if necessary, such that another cutting edge 18 becomes a central cutting edge 18A thereof; and placing the clip 84 to the secure position as described above.
    [00074] In the safe position, in a view perpendicular to the cavity 72 seating surface (for example, the side view of the assembled insert seen in Fig. IC, the cavity 72 seating surface being shown in Fig. 3A), the tool head 58 and clamping mechanism 16 do not extend beyond The imaginary inscribed arc IA extending along the front limit BF. Declared differently, the biasing member 82 and the clamp 84 are discharged with the front limit BF and / or sunken or depressed to the front face 60. Such an arrangement may allow a cutting insert 14 to use the full cutting depth of %. Thus, despite a clamping mechanism 16 or component thereof being positioned on the front face 60 of a cutting tool 12, such an arrangement can be used without reducing the cutting depth of an insert.
    [00075] It is understood that the 'perpendicular' view is intended to convey an observation orientation only, and thus the cavity seating surface 72 may be partially or completely obscured from the view of the cutting insert 14 or a portion of the cutting tool 12, and can still be defined within such a view.
    [00076] An advantage of the clamp 84 or at least the clamping body portion 84B being configured to be attached to the tool head 58 at the front limit BF OR along the front face 60, is that a compact cutting tool set 10 can be achieved. For example, compared to a cutting tool set (not shown) that has a clamp extending along a side wall of a cutting tool.
    [00077] One way to increase the cutting depth of a cutting insert is by forming a clamping area as far apart as possible from a central cutting edge of the cutting insert. The cutting inserts of the type described above have cutting edges spaced along a peripheral surface thereof, such a clamping area, while advantageously being as far apart as possible from the central cutting edge, which also results in becoming close to a cutting edge on the opposite side of such cutting insert from the central cutting edge. Declared differently, since each cutting edge constitutes, when alignable, a central or operative cutting edge, at least one clamping area is located close to such central cutting edge. Stated differently, this cutting insert will usually have fixation areas near and distal to each cutting edge of the same. It is understood that if a clamping area adjacent to a central cutting edge, that is an unassociated clamping area, can be clamped during the operation of the cutting insert, a reduction in the depth of cut may likely result. To avoid reducing the cutting depth, at least a portion of such cutting hole in the cutting insert is not occupied when it is mounted to a cutting tool. Stated differently, when the assembly of a cutting insert to a clamp, for example as part of the method described above, a clamp fixing body can be extended, completely from at least a first portion of at least one hole of fixing the cutting insert, while leaving a second portion, distinct from the first portion, of at least one fixing hole unoccupied.
    [00078] With reference to Fig. 5, a cutting insert 114, which is not in accordance with claim 1, mounted on a cutting tool 112, is shown.
    [00079] The cutting insert 114 is similar to the insert described above 14, in particular, for example, with respect to the widths of the same, but differs in the fact that it has four cutting edges 118A, 118B, 118C and 118D, in instead of five.
    [00080] It is also noted that the fastening hole 126 of the same is not circular, but instead has four concave portions 127, which allow a clamp (not shown) to be spaced from the central cutting edge 118A thereof.
    [00081] Consequently, it is understood that any form of fixing hole that allows an advantageous depth of cut is feasible. An advantageous depth of cut can be considered to be deeper than known cutting inserts of the same type (ie a cutting insert that can be aligned with cutting edges extending along a peripheral surface thereof, and between first and second sides of it).
    [00082] With reference to Fig. 6, it is understood that a fixing hole 226, of a cutting insert having at least part of the mentioned advantages, can also be a blind hole, as opposed to the through hole 26, 126 exemplified above . Such blind fixing hole 226 formed on only one of the side surfaces 222A, 222B may have sloping edges 227 to assist in fixing it. Such a project being considered feasible, but not as advantageous as the through hole arrangements described above, in view of, inter alia, stronger clamping advantages and the disadvantage of a bulk cutting tool, mentioned above.
    [00083] Referring now to Figs. 7A and 7B, an alternative clamping orifice arrangement is shown in the cutting tool set 310. Notably, a plurality of clamping holes 326A, 326B, 326C, 326D and 326E are formed in the cutting insert 314. The holes clamps 326 can be attached to the holes 3T1 of a cutting tool 312 through a clamping mechanism 316 comprising three clamps 384A, 384B, 384C, which in this example are in the form of screws. As seen in this embodiment, none of the fixing holes 326A, 326B, 326C, 326D and 326E contain the insert alignment axis.
    [00084] Such an arrangement can be advantageous in the fact that a larger cutting region and thus the depth of cutting can be achieved, when compared with a single fixing hole, since the plurality of cutting holes can be positioned closer to each other. a peripheral surface of a cutting insert thus enabling the attachment of the cutting insert 314 to be carried out additionally from a central cutting edge 318A. However, the arrangement described in conjunction with Figs. 1 to 4, can be advantageous over the present example in that, for example, efficient clamping can be maintained (that is, a single clamp is clamped and not three clamps, and no falling parts, etc.).
    [00085] With reference to Figs. 8A to 8C, a cutting insert 14 of the type described above can also be mounted to a different cutting tool 412 of the clamping set 410 through a different clamping mechanism 416.
    [00086] The fixing mechanism 416 differs in that the clamp 484 of the same comprises a cylindrical body portion 484B, formed with internal threads 485.
    [00087] Notably, a clip head portion 484D of clip 484 is essentially the same as the clamping head described above 84D (for example including one or more teeth (not shown), and having an increasing shape).
    [00088] An additional difference is that the clamp 484 is devoid of a positioning portion. Notably, the elongated cylindrical shape of the body portion 484B can facilitate smooth movement of the clamp 484 into a recess of the clamping mechanism 464 of the cutting tool 412. Such an arrangement can be advantageous over an arrangement with a tapered positioning portion of the cutting tool. type described above, because the clamp 484 has fewer points of contact (or at least it lacks a point of contact of a positioning portion) which can allow smooth movement within a recess of the 464 fixing mechanism, it can reduced force reduction when moving clamp 484, etc.
    [00089] Due to the modified shape of the clamp 484, the shape of the clamping mechanism recess 464 can be modified accordingly, i.e., the clamping mechanism recess 464 can be devoid of a second sub-recess, and the first sub-recess. recess 466 may have a U-shape that opens into the insert cavity 462.
    [00090] With reference to Figs. 9A to 9C, a cutting insert 14 of the type described above can also be mounted to a different cutting tool 512 using a different clamp 584.
    [00091] The example cutting tool set 510 shown in Figs. 9A to 9C, only differs from the example cutting tool set 410 shown in Figs. 8A to 8C, in that the clip 584 additionally comprises a guard portion without fixing 585 configured for the restricted passage of chips (not shown) through the fixing hole 26 of the cutting insert 14.
    [00092] Guard portion 585 may be in the form of a semicircle or portion of a circle. Guard portion 585 may extend in a direction away from the head portion of clip 584D. However, such a shape can be any shape which corresponds to a shape of a fixing hole for a cutting insert to be fixed. The guard portion 585 can also be configured to be slightly smaller than an associated fixing hole, leaving an insert gap 587. Such a gap can facilitate the assembly, removal, and alignment of an associated cutting insert.
    [00093] Notably, guard portion 585 is shaped to be thinner than cutting edges 518, to avoid reducing the depth of cut thereof. Declared differently, guard portion 585 can be in the form of a plate and can be configured to be arranged within a cutting insert fixing hole 26 such that it is not protruding out from it.
    [00094] It is understood that chips of different sizes and shapes can be produced under different cutting conditions. Appropriately, in some applications it may be advantageous to have a guard portion 585 to prevent chips through the fixing hole that can obstruct the cut, and under other conditions it may be advantageous for a clamp to be devoid of a guard portion to facilitate the flow of chips through the guard portion.
    [00095] The above description includes exemplary modalities and details to allow, if necessary, that the subject claimed does not exclude modalities and details not exemplified from the scope of claim of this disclosure.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [0001]
    1. Alignable cutting insert (14) having an insert alignment axis (Ci) and comprising first and second parallel insert sides (22A, 22B) connected by a peripheral insert surface (24), which extends in a manner peripheral around the cutting insert (14), and at least one fixing hole (26) that opens to one or both of the first and second insert sides (22A, 22B); said peripheral insert surface (24) comprising cutting edges (18A, 18B, 18C, 18D, 18E) which are spaced and extend from the first insert side (22A) to the second insert side (22B); wherein each three consecutively positioned cutting edges (18A, 18B, 18C) constitute an associated cutting arrangement comprising a central cutting edge (18A) disposed between two peripheral cutting edges (18B, 18C), the central cutting edge (18A) being wider, along a width direction (Dw) that is perpendicular to such first and second insert sides (22A, 22B), than any other portion of an associated insert cutting region (CU) defined from the central cutting edge (18A) to at least one imaginary straight line (ILI) connecting the two peripheral cutting edges (18B, 18C); characterized by the fact that the peripheral side surface of the insert (24) comprises exactly five cutting edges (18A, 18B, 18C, 18D, 18E) and at least a portion of the fixation hole (48) of that at least one fixation hole ( 26) be located in an associated insert fixation region (CL) that is defined outside the associated cut region (CU); wherein the at least one fixation hole (26) has portions located both in the associated insert fixation region (CL) and in the associated cut region (CU).
    [0002]
    2. Cutting insert according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that, in a plan view of at least one of the first and second sides of the insert (22A, 22B), such an associated insert cutting region (CU ) extends to an imaginary arc (IA) inscribed within the two peripheral cutting edges (18B, 18C) and opening in an outward direction (Do) from the insert alignment axis (Ci) towards the edge of center cut (18A), the insert alignment axis (Ci) being interposed between the arc (IA) and the central cut edge (18A), thereby allowing the cutting insert to provide a depth of cut that extends to at least the imaginary arc (IA), preferably the arc (IA) has a curvature that corresponds to a curvature of an imaginary circle (Ic), along which the cutting edges (18) are.
    [0003]
    Cutting insert according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that the at least one fixing hole (26) is a through hole that opens to both the first and second insert sides (22A, 22B) .
    [0004]
    Cutting insert according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by the fact that each cutting edge (18) is wider along the width direction (Dw) than any other portion of such cutting insert. cut (14).
    [0005]
    Cutting insert according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the cutting insert comprises a disk-shaped body portion (28) and cutting portions (18), each of the cutting portions (18 ) extending from a periphery of the body portion (28) and comprising one of the cutting edges (18).
    [0006]
    Cutting insert according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the fixing hole portion (48) is defined between a fixing hole edge (50) and the arc (IA), and that it has an increasingly shaped attachment area (52) of at least 2% of an area of an imaginary circumscribed circle (Ic), along which the cutting edges (18) are preferably greater than 4%.
    [0007]
    Cutting insert according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it additionally comprises at least one lateral seating surface (32), each of which is spaced out from at least one of the first and the second insert sides (22A, 22B).
    [0008]
    Cutting insert according to claim 7, characterized in that that at least one lateral seating surface (32) comprises a plurality of lateral seating surfaces (32A, 32B, 32C, 32D, 32E) in one of at least one between the first and the second insert sides (22A, 22B).
    [0009]
    Cutting insert according to claim 8, characterized in that that plurality of lateral seating surfaces (32) additionally comprises pairs of lateral seating surfaces (32A1, 32A2), wherein a lateral seating surface of each pair is located on opposite sides of that at least one of the first and second insert sides (22A, 22B).
    [0010]
    Cutting insert according to claim 8 or 9, characterized by the fact that at least three of the lateral seating surfaces (32) on one of the first and the second insert sides (22A, 22B) are located, each, in the fixation region (CL) of the cutting insert (14).
    [0011]
    Cutting insert according to any one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that each side seating surface (32) of the insert is ground.
    [0012]
    12. Cutting tool (12), which comprises a tool head (58), and a clamping mechanism (16) which is configured to secure a cutting insert (14) to an insert cavity (62) of the head tool (58); the fixing mechanism (16) comprising a clamp (84); the clip (84) comprising a clip body portion (84B), and a clip head portion (84D); that insert cavity (62) comprising a cavity seating surface (72), at least one cavity wall (74) extending transversely from the cavity seating surface (72) and defining a rear boundary cavity (BR), and a frontal cavity edge (76) located on the opposite side of the cavity seating surface (72) from the rear cavity limit (BR) and extending along a frontal limit (BF) the cutting tool (12); wherein the clip body portion (84B) is configured to be attached to the tool head (58) at the front limit (BF), where, in a side view perpendicular to the cavity seating surface (72), the head tool (58) and the clamping mechanism (16) do not extend beyond an imaginary inscribed arc (IA) that extends along the frontal boundary (BF), characterized by the fact that the clamp head portion (84D) is configured to apply a force in one direction to the cavity seating surface (72) and to said at least one cavity wall (74).
    [0013]
    Cutting tool (12) according to claim 12, characterized by the fact that, in an end view of the clamp (84), the clamp is formed in one or more of the following ways: a front surface (84E) of the clip (84) has a convex shape; a rear surface (84F) of the clip (84) is concave in shape; the clamp with increasing shape.
    [0014]
    Cutting tool (12) according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the clip (582) further comprises a guard portion (585) extending in a direction away from the head portion of the clip (584D).
    [0015]
    15. Method of fixing the cutting insert (14) to the cutting tool (12), the cutting insert (14) comprising first and second parallel insert sides (22A, 22B) connected by an insert end (24), which extends peripherally around the cutting insert (14), and a single fixing hole (26) that opens for both the first and the second insert sides (22A, 22B); the cutting tool (12) comprising a tool head (58), and a clamping mechanism (16) configured to secure a cutting insert (14) to an insert cavity (62) of the tool head (58); the insert cavity (62) comprising a cavity seating surface (72), at least one cavity wall (74) extending transversely from the cavity seating surface (72) and which defines a rear cavity boundary (BR), and a cavity front edge (76) located on the opposite side of the cavity seating surface (72) from the rear cavity limit (BR) and extending along a frontal limit (BF) of the cutting tool (12); in which, in a view perpendicular to the cavity seating surface (72), the tool head (58) and the clamping mechanism (16) do not extend beyond an imaginary inscribed arc (IA) that extends along the frontal limit (BF); such method being characterized by the fact that it comprises: a. mounting the cutting insert (14) to the clamp (84) extending a portion of the clamp body (84B) of the clamp (84) completely through a portion of the clamping hole (48) of the clamping hole (26), while leaving a remainder of the fixing hole (26) unoccupied; and b. press the clamp (84) onto the cutting tool head (58) to thereby polarize the clamp head portion (84B) of the clamp (84) against the cutting insert (14) and secure the cutting insert ( 14) to that insert cavity (62).
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    BR112014013480A8|2017-06-13|
    DE102012024485A1|2013-06-20|
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    ES2668946T3|2018-05-23|
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    US20130156516A1|2013-06-20|
    EP3357611A1|2018-08-08|
    WO2013088433A1|2013-06-20|
    EP2790859B1|2018-02-28|
    PL2790859T3|2018-08-31|
    CN104039486B|2016-09-28|
    BR112014013480A2|2017-06-13|
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    法律状态:
    2018-12-04| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law|
    2019-11-05| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure|
    2020-05-26| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2020-11-03| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 19/11/2012, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
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    US61/570369|2011-12-14|
    PCT/IL2012/050463|WO2013088433A1|2011-12-14|2012-11-19|Indexable cutting insert and cutting tool therefor|
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